What is the pH range for the measurement of acidity and alkalinity?

The pH scale is a logarithmic scale used to quantify the acidity or alkalinity of a solution, with a standard range from 0 to 14. A pH of 7 is considered neutral, indicating an equal concentration of hydrogen ions (H⁺) and hydroxide ions (OH⁻). Values below 7 signify increasing acidity, with lower numbers indicating stronger acids, while values above 7 indicate increasing alkalinity, with higher numbers signaling stronger bases.

The range of 0 to 14 encompasses a wide variety of substances, making it the standard for measuring pH in most applications. Substances with a pH below 0 and above 14 can exist, but they are not common in typical scenarios, which is why they fall outside the conventional pH scale. Thus, the correct answer emphasizes the widely accepted and utilized range for understanding acidity and alkalinity in various scientific and practical contexts.