What is the significance of biodiversity in an ecosystem?

The significance of biodiversity in an ecosystem lies in its ability to increase the resilience of that ecosystem. Biodiversity refers to the variety of life forms within a given habitat, including different species of plants, animals, fungi, and microorganisms. A diverse ecosystem is more adaptable to changes and disturbances, such as climate change, disease, and invasive species. When there are many different species, they can fulfill various roles within the ecosystem, which helps maintain balance and functionality.

For example, if one species faces a decline due to disease or environmental changes, others may fill in that ecological role, ensuring that the ecosystem continues to thrive. This interconnectedness and variety contribute to higher productivity, stability, and overall health of the ecosystem, affirming its capacity to recover from disturbances. In contrast, ecosystems with low biodiversity may suffer more severely when faced with threats, leading to potential collapse or loss of services that those ecosystems provide.