What role do mitochondria play in both plant and animal cells?

Mitochondria are often referred to as the powerhouse of the cell because their primary role is to produce energy through a process called cellular respiration. This process involves breaking down glucose and other nutrients to generate adenosine triphosphate (ATP), which is the energy currency of the cell. Both plant and animal cells rely on mitochondria for ATP production to fuel various cellular activities, such as movement, cell division, and synthesis of biomolecules.

While it's important to note that plants also contain chloroplasts, which are responsible for photosynthesis, the specific function of mitochondria is centered on energy production. In animal cells, mitochondria are critical for converting the energy stored in food into a usable form, enabling the cell to function effectively. Therefore, the role of mitochondria in producing energy through cellular respiration is vital for both plant and animal cells, making this the correct answer.