Which of the following is a non-vascular plant group?

Mosses represent a group of non-vascular plants, belonging to the division Bryophyta. These plants lack the specialized vascular tissue—xylem and phloem—that is found in vascular plants, which is essential for the efficient transport of water, nutrients, and food throughout the plant. Instead, mosses absorb water and nutrients directly through their tissues. They usually thrive in moist environments where they can easily absorb moisture from their surroundings.

In contrast, ferns are vascular plants belonging to a category known as pteridophytes, which possess vascular tissues that allow for more complex structures and larger sizes. Conifers and flowering plants also fall into the category of vascular plants, featuring extensive systems of vascular tissues that support their growth and allow them to thrive in diverse environments. This distinction is fundamental in understanding plant classification and the differences in structural adaptations among plant groups.